GI drugs: Rotation prep

Brand names:

Histamine-2 blockers - Mild GERD, Peptic ulcer, gastritis

Ranitidine (Zantac Pro)

Famotidine (Pepcid)

Nizatidine (Axid AR)

Cimetidine (Tagamet HB). A/E: Antiandrogenic effects (prolactin release, gynecomastia, impotence), can cross BBB so cause confusion and headaches, can cross placenta. Also decreases renal excretion of creatinine.

Proton Pump inhibitors- peptic ulcer, Zollinger Ellison syndrome, Stress ulcer, H.Pylori

Omeprazole (Prilosec)

Aspirin and Omeprazole (Yosprala)

Lansoprazole (Prevacid)

Esomeprazole (Nexium)

Pantoprazole (Protonix)

Rabeprazole (Acip Hex)

Dexlansoprazole (Dexilent)

A/E: Increase risk of C diff infection, pneumonia, Acute interstitial nephritis, decreases Mg and calcium absorption (increasing risk of fracture in the elderly)

Loperamide (Imodium) - Diarrhea

mu-opioid receptor agonist that slows gut motility so can cause constipation.

Ondansetron (Zofran)- Vomitting

5-HT3 antagonist used in patients undergoing chemotherapy

A/E: Constipation, QT prolongation, serotonin syndrome

Metoclopramide (Reglan, Metozolv) - Diabetic and Post surgery gastroparesis, antiemetic, persistent GERD

D2 antagonist, promotes gastric emptying, increases LES tone, motility, contractility and resting tone.

A/E: increased parkinsonian effects, tardive dyskinesia, Restlessness, diarrhea, depression

C/I: in patients with small bowel obstruction or Parkinson disease

Misoprostol (Cytotec) - NSAID induced peptic ulcers and for induction of labor (can cause abortion)

PGE1 analog so it increases the secretion of gastric mucous barrier

A/E: Abortion, Diarrhea

Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) - Crohn disease, Ulcerative Colitis

Sulfapyridine (anti-bacterial) and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) (anti-inflammatory) combo.

A/E: reversible Oligospermia

Orlistat (Alli, Xenical) - Weight loss

Inhibits gastric and pancreatic lipase to decrease breakdown and absorption of dietary fats

A/E: Flatulence, Diarrhea, Smelly poop

Aprepitant (Emend) - Antiemetic for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.